![]() ![]() was the world’s number-one producer of minerals. imports and the vulnerability of America’s energy supply chain.Īs recently as 1990, the U.S. This means that any significant expansion of today’s modest level of green energy-currently less than 4% of the country’s total consumption (versus 56% from oil and gas)-will create an unprecedented increase in global mining for needed minerals, radically exacerbate existing environmental and labor challenges in emerging markets (where many mines are located), and dramatically increase U.S. Compared with hydrocarbons, green machines entail, on average, a 10-fold increase in the quantities of materials extracted and processed to produce the same amount of energy. ![]() No energy system, in short, is actually “renewable,” since all machines require the continual mining and processing of millions of tons of primary materials and the disposal of hardware that inevitably wears out. This paper turns to a different reality: all energy-producing machinery must be fabricated from materials extracted from the earth. Left out of the discussion is any serious consideration of the broad environmental and supply-chain implications of renewable energy.Īs I explored in a previous paper, “The New Energy Economy: An Exercise in Magical Thinking,” many enthusiasts believe things that are not possible when it comes to the physics of fueling society, not least the magical belief that “clean-tech” energy can echo the velocity of the progress of digital technologies. Green energy advocates are doubling down on pressure to continue, or even increase, the use of wind, solar power, and electric cars. ![]() As policymakers have shifted focus from pandemic challenges to economic recovery, infrastructure plans are once more being actively discussed, including those relating to energy. ![]()
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